Cross-Sectional Correlates of Increasing Vaspin and Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine Plasma levels with Adiposity Indices and Atherogenic index of plasma in Metabolic Syndrome Subjects in Jordan

Abstract

OBJECTIVES our study aimed to investigate the correlation between plasma vaspin and asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) as well as adiposity indices, hematology indices and lipid ratios in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS In a cross-sectional design, 28 lean and healthy control, 29 nondiabetic MetSو and 30 MetS-Pre/T2DM drug naïve subjects were enrolled. Plasma vaspin and ADMA were measured by colorimetric-enzymatic assay and expressed as median (interquartile range). RESULTS While ADMA mean circulating levels (μM) were significantly higher in the pre/diabetic MetS group (p=0.04 vs. controls’). Similarly vaspin mean circulating levels (ng/mL) were significantly higher in the nondiabetic MetS group (with P=0.03 vs. controls’). In both MetS (non-diabetic and pre-diabetic/diabetic) groups, adiposity indices, Atherogenicity index of plasma (AIP) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were substantially higher in comparison to those of apparently healthy controls. Substantially a direct ADMA-vaspin and ADMA – waist to height ratio (WHtR) relationships were observed in the total population but none was identified in any study arm (rs= 0.309, P<0.01). Expectedly, ADMA and vaspin correlated significantly and directly with each of population’s waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). Exceptionally, ADMA correlated pronouncedly and proportionally with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1C but with none of fasting lipid profile parameters (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively). Meanwhile, vaspin correlated significantly and directly with triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) (rs=0.210, P<0.05 and rs= 0.206, P<0.05 respectively), AIP (rs=0.224, P<0.05), platelet count (rs=0.226, P<0.05), hip circumference (HC) (rs=0. 275, P<0.05) and body adiposity index (BAI) (rs=0.228, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings substantiate that both metabolic biomarkers can be surrogate prognostic tools and putative pharmacotherapeutic targets to predict and prevent the metabolic disorders.