https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/issue/feed 2019-12-04T18:09:30+03:00 Open Journal Systems https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/15204 2017-03-15T11:19:21+03:00 Safa’a Al-Momani Al-Momani@nomail.com Fawwaz Khalili fkhalili@ju.edu.jo

The aim of this study is to separate and characterize humin from two locations in Jordan: Azraq Oasis (Inceptisols) and Ajloun forest (Vertisols) soils for the first time. Humin from those soils has been extracted and purified. They were characterized by FTIR, elemental analysis, TGA, SEM, XRD, solid and 13C NMR. Also surface area, porosity and cation exchange capacity were determined. The Azraq humin has higher carbon percent that indicated high condensation than Ajloun humin. Also Azraq humin has higher ash percent due to presence of Kaolinite and Bentonite. The O/C ratio of Ajloun humin is higher than for Azraq indicating that is richer in polar groups, and may reflect larger amount of carboxylic acid, phenolic and O-alkyl groups. The C/N ratio of Ajloun humin is lower than for Azraq which indicates that Azraq humin is in more advanced stage of humification. From 13C NMR the aliphatic and aromatic percent were higher in Ajloun humin, but the carboxylic and carbonyls were lower than in Azraq humin. The SEM micrograph shows the layer structure (sheet) present; with high porosity. The cation exchange capacity values were 145.40 meq/100g and 56.65 meq/100g, for Azraq and Ajloun humin, respectively. Most pores radii are in the range of micropores and some of these in range of mesopores and macropores in the two humin.

2017-03-15T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/14053 2017-04-03T08:18:59+03:00 Maryam Golabadi golabadim@gmail.com Pooran Golkar pooran60@yahoo.com Pegah Zadfar pegah.zadfar@yahoo.com

This study evaluated the drought tolerance genotypes in fifteen genotypes of wheat with several Morpho-Physiological traits including flag leaf length (FL), flag leaf width (FW), relative water content (RWC), excised leaf water retention (ELWR), rate of water loss (RWL), leaf water content (LWC), grain yield, biological yield as well as eight drought tolerance indices [yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI), stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), mean productivity (MP), stress tolerance (TOL), and harmonic mean (HM)]. The STI, MP, and GMP indices were found to have significantly positive correlations with both yield (rainfed and normal condition); hence, they were identified as the best selection indices for distinguish of drought tolerance. Based on biplot analysis, Sepahan and Rowshan were superior genotypes for both rainfed and irrigated conditions, making them recommendable for cultivation in drought-prone regions.

2017-04-03T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/105925 2019-12-04T18:09:30+03:00 Ismail Ali Ali@nomail.com Mohammed Hussain Hussain@nomail.com

Thirty six of F1 generation produced using half diallel mating design in the autumn of 2016 between nine inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) were obtained. The 45th genotypes were sown on 22-07-2016 at the field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Duhok University/Iraqi Kurdistan Region, using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications to estimate combining ability, gene action, average degree of dominance, heritability as well as heterosis. The significant estimates of GCA and SCA variances suggested the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions for the expression studied traits. Parent (Ir – S4) was an excellent general combiner for yield and related traits. Parents (DKcc 6418, Max – S4, V – Poh – S4 and Sym – S5) were also good combiners for some of the important yield components. Some crosses showed desirable SCA effects for more than one characters. Furthermore, the significant positive SCA effect involved parents where one or both were related to good combiners. Additive genetic variance was significant for ear height, 300-kernel weight and kernel yield/plant, while values of dominance genetic and environment variances were significant for all studied characters. Dominance genetic variance was larger than additive genetic variance for yield component traits. The degree of dominance produced greater values than unity. Low estimates of narrow-sense heritability were observed, while high estimates of broad-sense heritability for all studied traits were observed. The maximum number of hybrids showed significant positive heterosis for kernel yield/plant and the hybrid [Agr – S4 × San – S4] had the highest positive heterosis for kernel yield/plant and 300-kernel weight.

2019-12-04T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/101748 2019-12-04T17:49:28+03:00 Maher Tadros mtadros@just.edu.jo Yassen Ananbeh yananbeh@royalbotanicgarden.org

The study area is located in Ajluon Forest Reserve (AFR) northern part of Jordan. This reserve is partly encompasses the village of Um El-Yanabee' and the surrounding area including the villages of Tyarrah, Baoun and Rasun. The aims of the study were to investigate the relationships between locals and the protected area and its effect on the long-term forest conservation. The main research objectives are to review the impact of establishing AFR nature conservation and on the livelihood level of local communities around the reserve. The existence of initiatives of nature conservation in the area supports various socio-economic activities around the reserve that contribute towards the development of local communities in Ajloun area. Density was recorded and found to be the highest for Quecus coccifera (412.4p/ha), and relative density of (73.7%), this was followed by Arbutus andrachne (165p/ha) and relative density (7.1%), Pistacia palaestina (144.3p/ha) and relative density (10.5%) and Crataegus azarulus (82.5 p/ha) and relative density (5.1%). The least dense species was Quercus infectoria,, Rhamnus palastinus, and Styrax officinalis.

2019-12-04T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/16064 2019-12-04T17:36:47+03:00 Dr. Ibtihal Abu-Obeid ibtihal@ncare.gov.jo Hamed khlaif H-Khlaif@ju.edu.jo Nida salem Nmsalem72@gmail.com

Various bacterial species are known to be agents causing soft rot of potatoes. In this study different detection methods were used to investigate these bacteria. Two hundreds and four rotted potato samples were collected from different potato growing areas including: Amman, AR-Ramtha, Jordan Valley, Ma'an, Madaba, Mafraq, and commercial stores through different growing seasons in these areas. One hundred and thirty one bacterial isolates were identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subspecies carotovorum (Pcc) by different biochemical and physiological tests. Results of reactions of the tested bacteria were found to be identical to the Pcc reference culture (NCPPB312) for the same tests. Furthermore, the identity of the 131 Pcc Jordanian (Jo) isolates were identified by PCR analysis of total DNA extracted from isolates that biochemically identified as Pcc using different sets of primers. Primers used were; 16S rDNA universal primer Fd1/Rd1, species-specific primer ExpccF/ExpccR, recAF/recAR and pathogencity gene pmrAF/pmrAR. Sequencing of representative PCR products amplified with all sets of primers were done. In addition to Pcc, different rots causal agents were detected by PCR amplification and further sequencing. The sequencing data revealed similarities to Pseudomonas fluorescence, Enterobacteriaceae genera such as Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp. and Klebsiella spp., The four sets of primers varied in their specificity in detection soft rot pathogens, where recA and pmrA sets of primer were found to be more efficient in detecting Pcc. On the other hand, Expcc sets of primer were not so specific in detecting Pcc isolates where it was able to detect only 51% of the isolates. This study indicated that using molecular techniques such as amplification of different regions by using different sets of primers is sensitive and specific for detecting Pcc as potato soft rot causal agent. The results of this study showed that potato soft rot is widely spread in different potato planting areas in Jordan.

2019-12-04T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/15038 2016-12-21T15:24:11+03:00 Khaled Aisawi khaled.aisawi@yahoo.co.uk Hanan Muhammad Muhammad@nomail.com Radwa Muhammad Muhammad@nomail.com Radwa Muhammad Muhammad@nomail.com Sara Almasry Almasry@nomail.com Nagah Alromaih Alromaih@nomail.com

أجريت تجربة حقلية خلال الموسمين الزراعيين 2012/2013 و2013/2014 م بمحطة أبحاث كلية الزراعة، جامعة طرابلس على ثمانية أصناف من الشعير سداسي الصفوف (Hordeum vulgare L.) بغرض تقييمها تحت الظروف المروية وتحديد دلائل الانتخاب المهمة. طبق تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة بثلاثة مكررات. احتوى كل مكرر على ثمانية وحدات تجريبية مساحة كل منها (2 × 2 متر) زرعت بها الأصناف بمعدل بذر 200 كجم/هكتار وبمسافة 20 سم بين السطور. سمدت التجربة على دفعتين الأولى عند الزراعة بسماد فوسفات ثنائي الأمونيوم بمعدل 50 كجم نيتروجين و64 كجم فوسفور للهكتار والثانية خلال مرحلة الاستطالة بسماد نترات الأمونيوم بمعدل 100 كجم نيتروجين للهكتار. أجريت باقي العمليات الزراعية مثل التعشيب والعزيق كلما دعت الحاجة. عند نضج المحصول، جمعت العينات النباتية من مساحة 0.2 م2 ثم من مساحة 1 م2. درست الصفات التالية: الوزن البيولوجي/ م2، وزن الحبوب/ م2، عدد النباتات/ م2، عدد السنابل/ م2، عدد الحبوب/ م2، عدد الحبوب/سنبلة، وزن الألف حبة، طول الساق الرئيسية، طول السلامية الأخيرة، طول السنبلة. اتضح من التحليل الإحصائي للبيانات عدم وجود فروق معنوية بين الأصناف في كل الصفات المدروسة ماعدا صفة عدد الحبوب/السنبلة (ف = 0.050). استخلص من النتائج المتحصل عليها أن الأصناف التي أنتجت عددا أقل من الحبوب بالسنبلة عوضت هذا النقص بزيادة في وزن الحبة، وبهذا كان الإنتاج متساويا. اتضح أيضا أن المكون الفسيولوجي الذي يفسر الزيادة في القدرة الإنتاجية كان هو الوزن البيولوجي وليس دليل الحصاد، وبهذا يمكن استعماله كدليل انتخاب غير مباشر عند التربية للقدرة الإنتاجية العالية تحت ظروف النمو المثلى.

2016-12-05T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/13244 2016-12-19T15:01:26+03:00 Linda Alrayes lindaelrayyes@yahoo.com Mohamad Shatnawi mshatnawi1@hotmail.com Wesam Al Khateeb wesamkh@yu.edu.jo

In this study satisfactory method for callus induction and growth has been developed for Moringa peregrina. Maximum callus size was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D, while maximum callus weight was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D. Both in vitro, callus and ex vito dried leaf extract showed similar antimicrobial activity. Antifungal activity of aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, and acetonic extracts of both in vitro plantlets and ex vitro plant were evaluated by the agar well-diffusion method against Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus italicium, Aspergillus niger brown (mutant), Aspergillus niger black, Penicillium digilatum, Phytophthora infestans and Candida albicans. In vitro aqueous extract was found to be more effective compared to the positive control and the ex vitro aqueous extract against Pencillium digilatum and Phytophthora infestans, while in vitro methanolic extract was more effective than positive control against Candida albicans.

2016-12-19T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/105924 2019-12-04T18:06:41+03:00 Muwaffaq R. Karajeh muwaffaq@mutah.edu.jo Ziad B. Al-Rawashdeh Al-Rawashdeh@nomail.com Saddam A. Al-Dalain Al-Dalain@nomail.com

لمكافحة إصابة التفاح بمرض العفن الأزرق والمتسبب عن فطر Penicillium expansum تحت ظروف التخزين البارد المتحكم به، تم استخدام كبريتات النحاس بنسبة 4٪، وكلوريد الكالسيوم بنسبة 2 أو 4٪، وخميرة الخبز بنسبة 2٪، وسماد دسبر (Disper, Cu 12٪)، ومبيد كاربندازيم (carbendazime, 50%WP)، وكبريت ميكروني (80% WP)، ومبيد ميكلوبيوتانيل (myclobutanil, 25% EC) على ثمار ثلاثة اصناف من التفاح وهي السكري الأصفر (Golden Delicious)، والسكري ستاركنج (Starking Delicious)، وجراني سميث (Granny Smith). اشارت النتائج انه بعد شهرين من العدوى بالفطر، انخفضت نسبة حدوث المرض وشدته معنوياً ( ≥P ) في معاملتي الكبريت وميكلوبيوتانيل إلى أقل من 30% و20٪ على التوالي، بينما بقية المعاملات لم تظهر انخفاضاً واضحاً، بينما أدى استخدام السماد دسبر إلى زيادة نسبة المرض مقارنة بالشاهد. وبسبب الصلابة والحموضة العاليتين، كان جراني سميث هو الصنف الأكثر تحملاً للمرض، حيث انخفضت نسبة وشدة المرض بعد شهر واحد من العدوى ثم تلاه صنف السكري ستاركنج، بينما كان صنف السكري الأصفر الأعلى في حساسيته. لذا توصي الدراسة باستخدام الكبريت في مكافحة المرض على التفاح كمعاملة بعد الحصاد وقبل تخزين الثمار المبرد.

2019-12-04T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences https://archives.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjas/article/view/100986 2019-12-04T17:45:49+03:00 Hasan Al- Baba r.shibli@ju.edu.jo Rida A. Shibli r.shibli@ju.edu.jo Muhanad Akash Akash@nomail.com Reham Tahtamouni Tahtamouni@nomail.com Tamara Al-Qudah Al-Qudah@nomail.com

Ziziphora tenuior L. is a medicinal plant species which has been used for treatment of many diseases due to the presence of many valuable medicinal ingredients such as, pulegone. This valuable plant has become extinct from its natural environment due to illegal collection, urbanization, overgrazing and drought. In this research, in vitro slow growth storage was applied to study the possibility of conserving Ziziphora tenuior L. microshoots using elevated levels of different sugars or ABA. Also, the effect of slow growth storage on the total oil content and pulegone concentration of the microshoots was investigated after being stored for 3 months. The results revealed that, microshoots prestored in MS media + (0.2 M) sucrose or ABA were able to reduce the all measured growth parameters and to maintain recovery after storage. On the other hand, using sorbitol or mannitol had a strong negative impact on recovery after storage. Meanwhile, there were differences between the amounts of total oil yield and pulegone extracted from the wild type plants and the in vitro prestored microshoots. The maximum amount of total oil yield (5%) and pulegone (0.0312 M) were obtained from the wild type plants. On the other hand, the amount of total oil yield extracted from the in vitro stored microshoots were one third the amounts of oil obtained from the wild type plants. Also, the concentration of pulegone found in the dried in vitro stored samples (0.0041-0.0046 M) was about the same in all in vitro prestored microshoots but much lower than those obtained from the wild plants samples

2019-12-04T00:00:00+03:00 Copyright (c) 2019 Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences