ِThe Structural Theory and Reading the Literary Text

Abstract

The present research is based on the idea that there is an agreement among the specialists in Modern Arab Criticism on the importance of the Structural Theory which became popular along with the progress of linguistics and its different schools. It is a revolution of knowledge initiated by scientists and researchers. Furthermore, it is interdisciplinary in nature. In fact, it was highly considered since it is based on strategies that help in discovering the system of patterns on which all phenomena are based. This theory aims at activating what forms the language model, seeking the strategies that control the meaning through the different faces of intertextuality. It locates what controls linguistic structure, searching for logical semantic argumentation. Moreover, it shows that the language model is based on forming structures, following a profound system centered upon the harmony between psychological meaning and the forming of the text.

The structural model always shows the network of relations, controlling the systematic transformations of an organic structure, governing meaning through comprehensive rules. This research denies the possibility of a fixed structural model able to account for the peculiarities of all texts. It proposes the adoption of a flexible structural model to explain texts as a reasonable step towards forming a framework governed by semantic description, highlighting the differences between texts. This model is formed based on a strategy that is adaptable according to form. I believe that the poem of George SabooH is made up of two structures:

1.        The relation between the daughter of the Sheikh (willingness to change) and the alcohol (the tool of change), and this structure is made up of six verses.

2.        What is left behind (memories).

This research is divided into six parts:

1.        The structural theory: concepts and attitudes.

2.        The structural theory and the problem of choosing the right approach.

3.        The beginnings and the founders of the theory.

4.        The proposed structural model.

5.        The structural theory and Reading and Reading the literary Text.

6.        Structural contrast between different patterns (the poem addressed).